Electric Current and Circuit
Q.1 What do you mean by electric
current? Give mathematical representation. What is its unit?
Ans: Electric current is defined as the amount of charge
flowing through a particular area in unit time. In other words, it is the
rate of flow of charges.
If a net charge Q, flows across any cross-section of
a conductor in time t, then the current I, through the cross-section is
I=Q/t
Its
unit is ampere (A).
Q.2 What is electric charge? Write
its unit.
Ans: The property, for which particles of matter (e.g.
electron and proton) attract the opposite kind of particles or repel the same
kind of particles is called electric charge.
its
unit is coulomb(C).
Q.3 What is electric
conductor?
Ans: The materials
that allow electricity to flow through them are called electric conductor.
Q.4 What do you mean by electric
circuit?
Ans: A continuous and closed path of an electric current is
called electric circuit.
Q.5 Define 1 A current.
Ans: One ampere current is constituted by the flow of one
coulomb of charge per second.
i.e. 1A=1C/1s
Q.6 Define 1 C charge.
Ans: One coulomb is equal to the amount
of charge from a current of one ampere flowing through a
particular area for one second.
i.e. 1C=1Ax1s
Q.7 Name the electric device used to
measure electric current. How is it connected in a circuit?
Ans: An electrical device called ammeter. It is always
connected in series in a circuit through which the current is to be measured.
Q.8 Draw a schematic diagram of a
typical electrical circuit comprising a cell, an electrical bulb, an ammeter
and a plug key.
Ans:

Q.9 Fill in the blanks.
a) 1 mA =____A.
b) 1 µA = ____ A.
c) 1
Coulomb charge is equivalent to the charge contained in nearly
________ electrons.
Ans:
a) 1 mA = 10-3 A
b) 1
µA = 10-6 A.
c) 1
Coulomb charge is equivalent to the charge contained in nearly 6.241 x 1018 electrons.
N.B.
Conventionally, In an
electric circuit the direction of electric current is taken as the same as the
direction of the flow of positive charged particle e.g. proton and opposite to
the flow of negative charged particle e.g. electrons.
1. What does an electric circuit mean?Answers of the questions given in page no. 200
Ans: Same as the ans given in the Q.4
2. Define the unit of current.
Ans: The unit of current is ampere. The rest part is same as the ans given in the Q.6
Q. Calculate the number of electrons constituting one
coulomb of charge.
Ans we know that one electron possesses a charge of
1.6x10-19 C.
Numbers of electrons = (total charge/charge on 1 electron)
= 1/1.6 x 10-19
= 6.25x1018
So , the number of electrons constituting
one coulomb of charge is 6.25x1018 .
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